Yes, SCSI drives need a SCSI controller. No, most motherboards, except for expensive server motherboards, don't come with SCSI controllers on board.
Some of the new motherboards come with serial ATA controllers (SATA). With a 10,000 RPM Western Digital Raptor drive you will approach the performance of SCSI at a cost somehat lower. I use my onboard SATA and two Raptors in RAID0 and am very pleased with the performance. (112/100 MB/s R/W speed in Atto, 67 MB/s in Sandra, 63 MB/s average read and 8.5 ms random seek time in HDtach)