NIC: Network Interface Card. Ususally this means Ethernet, but it can also
be a Firewire device (IEEE 1394).
Ethernet cards have specific thruput ratings; originally they were all 10mb,
but most are now 10/100mbps and some are 10/100/1000mbps (gigabit).
For all practical purposes, the 10/100mbps will suffice, as your uplink to the ISP
will be the limiting factor.
fyi: Ethernet is a contention network, meaning the origin point writes on the
circuit w/o asking permission.
At about 70% utilization, errors will start to occur and the origin needs to
rewrite the data.
This then limits the effective thruput to 7/70mbps (thats BITS / sec, not bytes)
There are lots of vendors for NICs, but if I have a choice, I always go with
3com -- the defacto industry standard.
As to drivers, Windows will usually install the correct driver during the
auto-discovery process. Linux and Macs need to have on from the mfg
which will usually come on a CD.