Originally posted by Soul Harvester
1) The longest lasting lightbulb in history burned for nearly a hundred years in a new york fire department basement.
2) A lightbulb will last much longer if it is left on all the time then a lightbulb that is turned on and off, in general, period.
3) A device that is kept on 24/7 at a constant temperature, within range, will typically last longer then a device that is switched off. Heat does not destroy the component, expansion and contraction due to heat fluctuations do.
1) Nice one SH, I wouldn't have believed a light bulb could burn for so long so I did a quick search on google, and here's the link ...
A 96-year-old light bulb: It's still going
Something to note is that its not a very bright light bulb (I'll come back to that later), and it bears no resemblence to how bulbs are manufactured today. Here's a quote from the story ...
"They can make it very dim to last for a very long period of time, or they can make it bright, like you the consumer want it, and last for 750 or a thousand hours,".
Note that most 'standard' light bulbs today are quoted with a lifespan of around 3000 hrs (yes, thats a life expectancy quoted in *hours*, and not ON/OFF cycles).
*I only used a lightbulb as an analogy, so if you take the analogy too seriously, then it will fall apart.
2) A lightbulb has a finite lifespan, and while it is true that switching it ON/OFF will reduce its life, so will keeping it ON. Its a balance really and if its not going to be used for long periods, then it IS better to switch it OFF (see point 1). Just think about it this way ... what will last longer, a lightbulb that is permanently ON, or one that is permanently OFF (but has been switched ON/OFF a dozen times first)? Well, the answer lies somewhere in between, and as aleady stated, it is best to switch your computer OFF if you are not using it for *long* periods, such as overnight (to save energy).
3) Without doubt, expansion and contraction can destroy components, eventually. However, the main cause of failure for semiconductor devices (assuming that they are operating within range while in use) is electron migration (much as for lightbulbs that are kept ON). Electron migration is effected by current flowing through a device, and will happen more quickly when the current is high. I know this to be a fact, as I used to carry out defect investigation of electronic components when I worked in the defence industry. I examined hundreds of components, and each time it was components that carried most current that failed first, even if they were not operating anywhere near their limit.
All things wear out, even electronic components, but it takes a very long time for these to fail due to wear. Also, you might wish to consider how CPUs and even Computer PSUs work. By their very nature these devices are constantly being switched ON/OFF (transistors) billions of times each second (in some cases) and yet they don't fail. Ok so they aren't being heated and cooled constantly, but really, semiconductors are not lightbulbs and they expire mainly due to usage (electron migration), and operation at high temperatures (cpu - an increase of 10 deg C will cut component life in half - approximation, it varies) rather than hot/cold cycles.
One last point to note is that hot/cold cycling failures are mechanical by nature (expansion/contraction - lightbulb filament) and electronics devices such as transistors/cpus/etc. rarely, if ever fail due to mechanical failure. The speed of heating/cooling plays a part with lightbulbs, and due to the small mass of the filament, this will be rapid, which is why this contributes to wear. Components that are subjected to hot/cold cycling in a slow manner are not nearly as affected as lightbulbs, if at all.