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Created by JVC, Hitachi, Philips and Matsushita, D-VHS was introduced in 1998 and was capable of showing movies in high resolutions including 1920x1080 and 1280x720, while D-VHS VCRs could record from 480p to full 1080i with an external DTV tuner in addition to being backward compatible with all the standard VHS and S-VHS tapes already in circulation.
The "D" in D-VHS originally stood for "Data," but the format was later renamed by JVC to "Digital VHS." A single DF-480 cassette could store about 50 GB of data, or 4 hours of 1080i video in a 500 meter long tape (1,640 ft).
D-VHS used the MPEG data format and at the time of release there was no other high-definition recording or playback system for consumers. DVD players at the time couldn't handle high definition video and it was only in 2004 that prototypes of consumer high-def DVD recording/playback devices began appearing at trade shows.
In the event that you attempt to watch an old D-VHS tape, note that manufacturers JVC and Mitsubishi never resolved compatibility differences and tapes recorded on hardware made by one can't be played by the other. Also after 2002, prerecorded D-VHS cassettes were sold under the brand name D-Theater and those tapes won't play in D-VHS decks without the D-Theater logo.