You’re right. I don’t remember there being a golden 30 fps standard in the ‘90s (or before - grew up on the C64/Amiga). I deliberately oversimplified in order to make it easier for younger generations to grasp without being long winded about it and making it sound like ‘when I was young’.
To be honest, I don’t remember actual fps numbers being something me and my RL friends (Internet or online in general wasn’t much of a thing in my country until around 2000) would pay that much attention to. A lot of games didn’t even have the feature to show fps. It was a case of ‘my game feels so sluggish on my 386 and so smooth on your 486, so I guess I’ll have to upgrade’. Whatever the actual frame rate was, it definitely wasn’t as fluid except perhaps for sprite base scrollers.
I would say it started slowly with Quake, but it wasn’t until around the release of Unreal Tournament and Counter Strike that I remember people around me really starting to care about actual frame rate numbers and comparing them with each other. At that point however, I had just passed my mid 20s and had little interest left for shooters because of this newfangled thing called MMORPGs (I was big into tabletop pen and paper RPGs at the time, so it was a perfect fit for me).
I remember WoW feeling so smooth compared to the competition, but even then I remember having to tweak settings because my 2 generations old mid-range card would drop to low 20s in certain areas. I also remember giving up on beta testing EverQuest 2 because it was a slideshow. I don’t think it was around Wrath of the Lich King in 2008 where I personally saw 60fps as being something to strive for and when I switched from CRT to LCD (switched a bit later than most because I had a very nice CRT), hitting either 30 or 60fps V-sync became a must because uneven frame rates looked much worse than on the CRT.
Anyway, I don’t know what the experience nor standard was like for people playing shooters and other fast paced competitive games because I was in my 30s and done with that segment of gaming by that point. These days, at almost 50, I’m all about simulators, (MMO)RPGs, strategy games, building games and what not. When I want to relax and have a good time, I play Satisfactory, Hearts of Iron 4, Anno 1800, Rimworld or even solo Minecraft of all things and 60fps is all I need for that. What I don’t feel like playing is CoD MCCCXXXVII.